to the hill

ὄρος, ους, τό (Hom.+) pl. τὰ ὄρη; gen., uncontracted ὀρέων (as early as X., An. 1, 2, 21 [Kühner-Bl. I 432]; SIG 646, 18 [170 B.C.]; LXX [Thackeray 151; Helbing 41f]; EpArist 119. Joseph. prefers ὀρῶν.—Schweizer 153; B-D-F §48; Mlt-H. 139) Rv 6:15; 1 Cl; Hermas (Reinhold 52); a relatively high elevation of land that projects higher than a βοῦνος (‘a minor elevation, hill’), mountain, mount, hill (in Eng. diction what is considered a ‘mountain’ in one locality may be called a ‘hill’ by someone from an area with extremely high mountain ranges; similar flexibility prevails in the use of ὄρος, and the Eng. glosses merely suggest a comparative perspective; in comparison w. Mt. Everest [8848 meters] or Mount McKinley [6194 meters] any mountain in Palestine is a mere hill) w. βουνός Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4); 23:30 (Hos 10:8). W. πέτρα Rv 6:16; cp. vs. 15. W. πεδίον (SIG 888, 120f) Hs 8, 1, 1; 8, 3, 2. W. νῆσος Rv 6:14; 16:20. As the scene of outstanding events and as places of solitude (PTebt 383, 61 [46 A.D.] ὄρος denotes ‘desert’; Dio Chrys. 19 [36], 40 Zoroaster withdraws fr. among men and lives ἐν ὄρει; Herm. Wr. 13 ins. Hermes teaches his son Tat ἐν ὄρει) mountains play a large part in the gospels and in the apocalypses: Jesus preaches and heals on ‘the’ mountain Mt 5:1 (HCarré, JBL 42, 1923, 39–48; Appian, Mithrid. 77 §334 understands τὸ ὄρος in ref. to the Bithynian Olympus, but without naming it.—On the Sermon on the Mount s. GHeinrici, Beiträge II 1899; III 1905; JMüller, D. Bergpredigt 1906; KProost, De Bergrede 1914; HWeinel, D. Bergpr. 1920; KBornhäuser, D. Bergpr. 1923, ²1927; PFiebig, Jesu Bergpr. 1924; GKittel D. Bergpr. u. d. Ethik d. Judentums: ZST 2, 1925, 555–94; ASteinmann, D. Bergpr. 1926; AAhlberg, Bergpredikans etik 1930; MMeinertz, Z. Ethik d. Bergpr.: JMausbach Festschr. ’31, 21–32; HHuber, D. Bergpredigt ’32; RSeeberg, Z. Ethik der Bergpr. ’34; JSchneider, D. Sinn d. Bergpr. ’36; ALindsay, The Moral Teaching of Jesus ’37; MDibelius, The Sermon on the Mount ’40; TSoiron, D. Bergpr. Jesu ’41; DAndrews, The Sermon on the Mount ’42; HPreisker, D. Ethos des Urchristentums² ’49; HWindisch, The Mng. of the Sermon on the Mount [tr. Gilmour] ’51; WManson, Jesus the Messiah ’52, 77–93; TManson, The Sayings of Jesus ’54; GBornkamm, Jesus v. Naz. ’56, 92–100, 201–4 [Eng. tr. by JRobinson et al. ’60, 100–109, 221–25]; JJeremias, Die Bergpredigt ’59; JDupont, Les Béatitudes, I, rev. ed. ’58; II, ’69; W Davies, The Setting of the Sermon on the Mount, ’64; JManek, NovT 9, ’67, 124–31; HDBetz, The Sermon on the Mt [Hermeneia] ’95.—On the site of the Sermon, CKopp, The Holy Places of the Gosp., ’63, 204–13); 8:1; 15:29; calls the twelve Mk 3:13; performs oustanding miracles J 6:3; prays Mt 14:23; Mk 6:46; Lk 6:12; 9:28; ApcPt 2:4. On an ὄρος ὑψηλόν (Lucian, Charon 2) he is transfigured Mt 17:1; Mk 9:2 and tempted Mt 4:8; the risen Christ shows himself on a mountain (cp. Herm. Wr. 13, 1) Mt 28:16. Jesus is taken away by the Holy Spirit εἰς τὸ ὄρος τὸ μέγα τὸ Θαβώρ GHb 20, 61 (cp. Iren. 1, 14, 6 [Harv. I 139, 8: gnostic speculation]); likew. the author of Rv ἐπὶ ὄρος μέγα κ. ὑψηλόν Rv 21:10. From the top of one mountain the angel of repentance shows Hermas twelve other mountains Hs 9, 1, 4; 7ff. On the use of mt. in apocalyptic lang. s. also Rv 8:8; 17:9 (ἑπτὰ ὄρ. as En 24:2. Cp. JohJeremias, D. Gottesberg 1919; RFrieling, D. hl. Berg im A u. NT 1930). GJs 22:3 ὄρ. θεοῦ, where follows ἐδιχάσθη τὸ ὄρ. and ἦν τὸ ὄρ. ἐκεῖνο διαφαῖνον αὐτῇ φῶς the mt. split and that mt. was a bright light for her. On theophanies and mountain motif s. JReeves, Heralds of That Good Realm ’96, 148f.—Of the mt. to which Abraham brought his son, to sacrifice him there 1 Cl 10:7 (cp. Gen 22:2; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 7 Jac.). Esp. of Sinai (over a dozen sites have been proposed for it) τὸ ὄρος Σινά (LXX.—τὸ Σιναῖον ὄρ. Jos., Ant. 2, 283f) Ac 7:30, 38; Gal 4:24f; 11:3 (cp. Is 16:1); 14:2 (cp. Ex 31:18); 15:1; also without mention of the name: Hb 8:5 (Ex 25:40); 12:20 (cp. Ex 19:13); 1 Cl 53:2; 4:7. Of the hill of Zion (Σιών) Hb 12:22; Rv 14:1. τὸ ὄρ. τῶν ἐλαιῶν the Hill or Mount of Olives (s. ἐλαία 1; about 17 meters higher than Jerusalem) Mt 21:1; 26:30; Mk 14:26; Lk 19:37; 22:39; J 8:1 al. τὸ ὄρ. τὸ καλούμενον Ἐλαιῶν Lk 19:29; 21:37; Ac 1:12 (s. ἐλαιών). Of Mt. Gerizim, about 868 meters in height (without mention of the name) J 4:20f (cp. Jos., Ant. 12, 10; 13, 74).—πόλις ἐπάνω ὄρους κειμένη a city located on an eminence or hill Mt 5:14 (cp. Jos., Ant. 13, 203 πόλις ἐπʼ ὄρους κειμένη). Also πόλις οἰκοδομημένη ἐπʼ ἄκρον ὄρους ὑψηλοῦ Ox 1 recto, 17 (GTh 32) (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Ἀστέριον says this city was so named ὅτι ἐφʼ ὑψηλοῦ ὄρους κειμένη τοῖς πόρρωθεν ὡς ἀστὴρ φαίνεται).—Pl. τὰ ὄρη hills, mountains, hilly or mountainous country (somet. the sing. also means hill-country [Diod S 20, 58, 2 an ὄρος ὑψηλὸν that extends for 200 stades, roughly 40 km.; Polyaenus 4, 2, 4 al. sing. = hill-country; Tob 5:6 S]) AcPl Ha 5, 18; as a place for pasture Mt 18:12.—Mk 5:11; Lk 8:32. As a remote place (s. above; also Dio Chrys. 4, 4) w. ἐρημίαι Hb 11:38. As a place for graves (cp. POxy 274, 27 [I A.D.]; PRyl 153, 5; PGrenf II, 77, 22: the grave-digger is to bring a corpse εἰς τὸ ὄρος for burial) Mk 5:5. Because of their isolation an ideal refuge for fugitives (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 30 §130 ἐς ὄρος ἔφυγεν=to the hill-country; 1 Macc 9:40) φεύγειν εἰς τὰ ὄρ. (Plut., Mor. 869b οἱ ἄνθρωποι καταφυγόντες εἰς τὰ ὄρη διεσώθησαν; Jos., Bell. 1, 36, Ant. 14, 418) Mt 24:16; Mk 13:14; Lk 21:21.—Proverbially ὄρη μεθιστάνειν remove mountains i.e. do something that seems impossible 1 Cor 13:2; cp. Mt 17:20; 21:21; Mk 11:23. Of God: μεθιστάνει τοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ τὰ ὄρη καὶ τοὺς βουνοὺς καὶ τὰς θαλάσσας (God) is moving from their places the heavens and mountains and hills and seas Hv 1, 3, 4 (cp. Is 54:10 and a similar combination PGM 13, 874 αἱ πέτραι κ. τὰ ὄρη κ. ἡ θάλασσα κτλ.).—B. 23. DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv.

Ἄρειος πάγος, ὁ (Ἄριος π. Tdf.—Hdt. 8, 52 et al.; Diod S 11, 77, 6; Paus., Attic. 1, 28, 5; Meisterhans³-Schw. 43, 3; 47, 21; SIG index IV) the Areopagus or Hill of Ares (Ares, the Gk. god of war = Rom. Mars, hence the older ‘Mars’ Hill’), northwest of the Acropolis in Athens Ac 17:19, 22. But the A. is to be understood here less as a place (where speakers were permitted to hold forth freely, and listeners were always at hand) than as the council, which met on the hill (ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀ.=before the A.; cp. 16:19, 17:6). For the opp. view s. MDibelius below. In Rom. times it was the most important governmental body in Athens; whether its functions included that of supervising education, particularly of controlling the many visiting lecturers (Thalheim [s. below] 632; Gärtner [s. below] 56ff), cannot be determined w. certainty.—Thalheim in Pauly-W. II 1896, 627ff; ECurtius, Pls. in Athen: SBBerlAk 1893, 925ff; WFerguson, Klio 9, 1909, 325–30; Ramsay, Bearing 101ff; AWikenhauser, Die AG 1921, 351ff; Beginn. IV ’33, 212f; JAdams, Paul at Athens: Rev. and Exp. 32, ’35, 50–56; MDibelius, Pls. auf d. Areopag. ’39; WSchmid, Philol 95, ’42, 79–120; MPohlenz, Pls. u. d. Stoa: ZNW 42, ’49, 69–104; NStonehouse, The Areopagus Address ’49; HHommel, Neue Forschungen zur Areopagrede: ZNW 46, ’55, 145–78; BGärtner, The Areopagus Speech and Natural Revelation ’55; EHaenchen, AG ’56, 457–74; WNauck, ZTK 53, ’56, 11–52; BAFCS II 447f.—DELG s.v. Ἄρης.

κᾰλέω, [dialect] Aeol. [full] κάλημι (q.v.), [dialect] Ep. inf.

A

καλήμεναι Il.10.125

: [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf.

καλέεσκον 6.402

; [ per.] 3sg.

κάλεσκε A.R.4.1514

: [tense] fut., [dialect] Ion.

καλέω Il.3.383

, [dialect] Att.

καλῶ Pl.Smp. 175a

, X.Smp.1.15, etc.; later

καλέσω LXX Ge.16.11

, al., Ph.1.69, ([etym.] παρα-) D.8.14 codd., SIG656.40 (Teos, ii B.C.), ([etym.] ἐγ-) v.l. in D.19.133, cf. 23.123 codd. ( καλέσω in S.Ph. 1452 (anap.), Ar.Pl. 964, etc., is [tense] aor. 1 subj.): [tense] aor. 1 ἐκάλεσα, [dialect] Ep. ἐκάλεσσα, κάλεσσα, Od. 17.379, Il.16.693 (late [dialect] Ep.

ἔκλησα Nic.Fr.86

, late Prose ἐκάλησα Ps.Callisth. 3.35): [tense] pf.

κέκληκα Ar.Pl. 260

, etc.:—[voice] Med., [dialect] Att. [tense] fut.

καλοῦμαι Id.Nu. 1221

, Ec. 864; in pass. sense, S.El. 971, E.Or. 1140, etc.; later καλέσομαι ([etym.] ἐκ-, ἐπι-) dub.l. in Aeschin.1.174, Lycurg.17: [tense] aor.1

ἐκαλεσάμην Hdt.7.189

, Pl.Lg. 937a; [dialect] Ep.

καλεσσάμην Il.1.54

, [ per.] 3pl. καλέσαντο ib. 270:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

κεκλήσομαι Il.3.138

, A.Th. 698 (lyr.), Pr. 840, etc.;

κληθήσομαι Pl.Lg. 681d

, LXXGe.48.6, v.l. in E.Tr.13: [tense] aor.

ἐκλήθην Archil.78

, S.OT 1359, Ar.Th. 862, etc.: [tense] pf. κέκλημαι, [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3pl.

κεκλήαται A.R.1.1128

, [dialect] Ion.

κεκλέαται Hdt.2.164

; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf.

κεκλήατο Il.10.195

; opt.

κεκλῄμην, κεκλῇο S.Ph. 119

,

κεκλῄμεθα Ar.Lys. 253

: late [tense] pf. κεκάλεσμαι Suid.s.v. κλητή.

I call, summon,

εἰς ἀγορὴν καλέσαντα Od.1.90

;

ἐς Ὄλυμπον Il.1.402

; ἀγορήνδε, θάλαμόνδε, θάνατόνδε, Il.20.4, Od.2.348, Il.16.693: c. acc. only, κεκλήατο (for - ηντο) βουλήν they had been summoned to the council, 10.195: folld. by inf., αὐτοὶ γὰρ κάλεον συμμητιάασθαι ib. 197;

καιρὸς καλεῖ.. S.Ph. 466

;

κἄμ' ὑπηρετεῖν καλεῖς Id.El. 996

; κ. τινὰ εἰς ἕ, ἐπὶ οἷ, Il.23.203, Od.17.330, etc.;

εἰς μαρτυρίαν κληθείς Pl.Lg. 937a

;

ἐμὲ νῦν ἤδη καλεῖ ἡ εἱμαρμένη Id.Phd. 115a

; demand, require,

ἡ ἡμέρα 'κείνη εὔνουν καὶ πλούσιον ἄνδρα ἐκάλει D.18.172

: [tense] aor. [voice] Med., καλέσασθαί τινα call to oneself, freq. in [dialect] Ep., Il.1.270, Od.8.43, etc.;

φωνῇ Il.3.161

;

ἀγορήνδε λαόν 1.54

; call a witness, Pl.Lg.l.c.

2 call to one's house or to a repast, invite (not in Il.), Od.10.231, 17.382, al., 1 Ep.Cor.10.27; later usu. with a word added,

κ. ἐπὶ δεῖπνον Hdt.9.16

([voice] Pass.), X.Cyr.2.1.30, etc.;

ἐς ἔρανον Pi.O.1.37

;

ἐς θοίνην E. Ion 1140

;

ὑπὸ σοῦ κεκλημένος Pl.Smp. 174d

, etc.; κληθέντες πρός τινα invited to his house, D.19.196; ὁ κεκλημένος the guest, Damox.2.26.

3 invoke,

Δία Hdt.1.44

, cf. Pi.O.6.58, A.Th. 223; at sacrifices, Sch.Ar.Ra. 482;

μάρτυρας κ. θεούς S.Tr. 1248

, cf. D.18.141:—[voice] Med.,

τοὺς θεοὺς καλούμεθα A.Ch. 201

, cf. 216; also

μαρτύριά τε καὶ τεκμήρια καλεῖσθε Id.Eu. 486

; but ἀράς, ἅς σοι καλοῦμαι which I call down on thee, S.OC 1385:—[voice] Pass., of the god, to be invoked, A.Eu. 417.

4 as law-term, summon, of the judge, καλεῖν τινας εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον cite or summon before the court, D.19.211, etc.; simply καλεῖν ib.212, Ar.V. 851, etc.;

ἐὰν μὲν καλέσῃ D.21.56

; also ὁ ἄρχων τὴν δίκην καλεῖ calls on the case, Ar. V. 1441:—[voice] Pass.,

ἡ πατροκτόνος δίκη κεκλῇτ' ἂν αὐτῷ S.Fr. 696

; πρὶν τὴν ἐμὴν [ δίκην] καλεῖσθαι before it is called on, Ar.Nu. 780;

καλουμένης τῆς γραφῆς D.58.43

; but,

b of the plaintiff in [voice] Med., καλεῖσθαί τινα to sue at law, bring before the court, Ar.Nu. 1221, al., D.23.63;

κ. τινὰ ὕβρεως Ar.Av. 1046

;

κ. τινὰ πρὸς τὴν ἀρχήν Pl. Lg. 914c

; ὁ καλεσάμενος the plaintiff, PHal.1.224 (iii B.C.).

5 with an abstract subject, demand, require, καλεῖ ἡ τάξις c. inf., CPHerm. 25ii7 (iii A.D.).

6 metaph. in [voice] Pass., καλουμένης τῆς δυνάμεως πρὸς τὴν συναναληψίαν called forth, summoned, Sor.1.29.

II call by name, name,

ὃν Βριάρεων καλέουσι θεοί Il.1.403

, cf. Od.5.273, etc.;

κοτύλην δέ τέ μιν καλέουσι Il.5.306

;

ὥς σφας καλοῦμεν Εὐμενίδας S.OC 486

, cf. A.Pr.86, etc.; ὄνομα καλεῖν τινα call him by a name,

εἴπ' ὄνομ' ὅττι σε κεῖθι κάλεον Od.8.550

, cf. E. Ion 259, Pl.Cra. 383b, etc. (in [voice] Pass.,

οὔνομα καλέεσθαι Hdt.1.173

, cf. Pi.O.6.56): without ὄνομα, τί νιν καλοῦσα τύχοιμ' ἄν; A.Ag. 1232;

τοῦτο αὐτὴν κάλεον Call. Fr. 66b

;

τούτοις τὸ ὄνομα ἱμάτια ἐκαλέσαμεν Pl.Plt. 279e

([voice] Pass., τύμβῳ δ' ὄνομα σῷ κεκλήσεται shall be given to thy tomb, E.Hec. 1271); κ. ὄνομα ἐπί τινι give a name to something, Pl.Prm. 147d; but call (a man) a name because of some function, Id.Sph. 218c;

κ. τινὰ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ πατρός Ev.Luc.1.59

;

ἐπ' ὀνόματος καλεῖν τινα Plb.35.4.11

:—[voice] Pass., to be named or called,

Μυρμιδόνες δὲ καλεῦντο Il.2.684

;

εἰ τόδ' αὐτῷ φίλον κεκλημένῳ A.Ag. 161

(lyr.); ὁ καλούμενος the socalled,

ἐν τῇ Θεράπνῃ καλεομένῃ Hdt.6.61

;

ὁ κ. θάνατος Pl.Phd. 86d

; οἱ τῶν ὁμοτίμων κ. X.Cyr.2.1.9; κεκλημένος τινός called from or after him, Pi.P.3.67;

καλεῖσθαι ἐπί τινι LXXGe.48.6

;

κέκληνται δέ σφιν ἕδραι Pi.O.7.76

.

2 [voice] Pass., to be called, almost = εἰμί, esp. with words expressing kinship or status,

ἐμὸς γαμβρὸς καλέεσθαι Od.7.313

, cf. A.Pers.2 (anap.);

ἀφνειοὶ καλέονται Od.15.433

; esp. in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. κέκλημαι, οὕνεκα σὴ παράκοιτις κέκλημαι because I am thy wife, Il.4.61;

φίλη κεκλήσῃ ἄκοιτις 3.138

;

αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις κεκλημένος εἴη Od.6.244

;

ἠγάγετ' ἐς μέγα δῶμα φίλην κεκλῆσθαι ἄκοιτιν Hes.Th. 410

;

σὴ κεκλημένη.. ἦα h.Ap. 324

;

μηδ' ἔτι Τηλεμάχοιο πατὴρ κεκλημένος εἴην Il.2.260

;

οὔτινος δοῦλοι κέκληνται A.Pers. 242

, cf. S.El. 366, etc.

3 special constructions, a. Ἀλησίου ἔνθα κολώνη κέκληται where is the hill called the hill of Alesios, Il.11.758;

ἵνα κριοῦ καλέονται εὐναί A.R.4.115

;

ἔνθα ἡ Τριπυργία καλεῖται X.HG5.1.10

, etc.: -so in [voice] Act., ἔνθα Ῥέας πόρον ἄνθρωποι καλέοισιν where is the ford men call the ford of Rhea, Pi. N.9.41, cf. κικλήσκω, κλῄζω, κλέω.

b folld by a dependent clause, ἐκάλεσσέ νιν ἰσώνυμον ἔμμεν said that his name should be the same, Id.O.9.63; καλεῖ με πλαστὸς ὡς εἴην πατρί, i.e.

καλεῖ με πλαστόν S. OT 780

; καλοῦμέν γε παραδιδόντα μὲν διδάσκειν we say that one who delivers teaches, Pl.Tht. 198b, cf. Smp. 205d;

τὰς ἀμπέλους τραγᾶν καλοῦσιν Arist.HA 546a3

.

ὀρεινός, ή, όν (ὄρος) hilly, mountainous (so Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX, EpArist, Philo, Joseph.) ἡ ὀρεινή (sc. χώρα, which is added in Hdt. 1, 110; X., Cyr. 1, 3, 3; SIG 633, 78.—ἡ ὀρεινή alone e.g. in Aristot., HA 5, 28, 4 and oft. in LXX; Philo, Aet. M. 63) hill country, mountainous region πορεύεσθαι εἰς τὴν ὀρ. go into the hill country Lk 1:39 (cp. Jos., Bell. 4, 451); ἀνέβη ἐν τῇ ὀρ. GJs 22:3. ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ὀρ. τῆς Ἰουδαίας in all the hill country of Judea vs. 65 (Jos., Ant. 5, 128 ὀρ. τῆς Χαναναίας; 12, 7 ἀπὸ τ. ὀρεινῆς Ἰουδαίας). GJs 16:2 v.l. (for ἔρημον).—DELG s.v. ὄρος. M-M.

ὀφρῦς (on the accent s. Mlt-H. 141f), ύος, ἡ lit. ‘eyebrow’ (so Hom. et al.; PPetr I, 11, 17 [220 B.C.]; PFay 107, 15; BASP XXXII p. 129 ln. 7 [PBer inv. 25576: II A.D.]; Lev 14:9; EpArist 98; Philo), then brow, edge of a cliff or hill (Il. 20, 151; Polyb. 7, 6, 3; Diod S 22, 13, 4; Plut., Numa 67 [10, 8]; Strabo 5, 3, 7; PAmh 68, 9; 34 [I A.D.]) ἤγαγον αὐτὸν ἕως ὀφρύος τοῦ ὄρους they led him to the brow of the hill Lk 4:29. On the circumstances s. MBrückner, PJ 7, 1911, 82.—B. 219. DELG. M-M.

-οῦ ⁺ ὁ N 2 11-24-43-11-5=94 Gn 31,46(ter).47(bis)

hill Ex 17,9; heap Gn 31,46

*2 Sm 17,9 βουνῶν hills corr.? βοθύνων for MT פחתים caves; *Ps 77(78),58 ἐν τοῖς βουνοῖς αὐτῶν with their hills corr.? ἐν τοῖς βωμοῖς αὐτῶν with their high places for MT בבמתם with their high places, cpr. βωμός; *1 Sm 13,3 ἐν τῷ βουνῷ on the hill-בגבעה for MT בגבע at Geba; *2 Kgs 2,16 τῶν βουνῶν the hills-הגבעות for MT הגיאות the valleys

Cf. HARL 1986a, 80.238(Gn 31,47); HEMER 1982, 121-123; LEE, J. 1983, 114; SHIPP 1979, 167-170

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: fem gen pl

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: masc /neut gen pl

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: fem gen pl

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: masc /neut gen pl

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: masc acc sg

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: neut nom /voc /acc sg

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: masc acc sg

Ἀρεοπαγιτικός

the hill of Ares: neut nom /voc /acc sg

λαμβάνω (Hom.+) impf. ἐλάμβανον; fut. λήμψομαι (PTurin II, 3, 48; POxy 1664, 12; on the μ s. Mayser 194f; Thackeray 108ff; B-D-F §101; W-S. §5, 30; Mlt-H. 106; 246f; Reinhold 46f; WSchulze, Orthographica 1894.—On the middle s. B-D-F §77); 2 aor. ἔλαβον, impv. λάβε (B-D-F §101 p. 53 s.v. λαμβάνειν; W-S. §6, 7d; Mlt-H. 209 n. 1), impv. 3 pl. λαβέτωσαν (LXX; GJs 4:2); pf. εἴληφα (DRinge, Glotta 62, ’84, 125–28), 2 sing. εἴληφας and εἴληφες Rv 11:17 v.l. (W-S. §13, 16 note; Mlt-H. 221), ptc. εἰληφώς. Pass.: fut. 3 pl. ληφθήσονται Jdth 6:9; aor. εἰλήφθην LXX; pf. 3 sing. εἴληπται; plpf. 3 sg. εἴληπτο (Just., D. 132, 3). For Attic inscriptional forms s. Threatte II 645. In the following divisions, nos. 1–9 focus on an active role, whereas 10 suggests passivity.

① to get hold of someth. by laying hands on or grasping someth., directly or indirectly, take, take hold of, grasp, take in hand ἄρτον (Diod S 14, 105, 3 ῥάβδον; TestSol 2:8 D τὴν σφραγῖδα; TestJob 23:10 ψαλίδα) Mt 26:26a; Mk 14:22a; Ac 27:35. τ. βιβλίον (Tob 7:14) Rv 5:8f. τ. κάλαμον Mt 27:30. λαμπάδας take (in hand) (Strattis Com. [V B.C.], Fgm. 37 K. λαβόντες λαμπάδας) 25:1, 3. λαβέτωσαν ἀνὰ λαμπάδα GJs 7:2. μάχαιραν draw the sword (Gen 34:25; Jos., Vi. 173 [cp. JosAs 23:2 τὴν ῥομφαίαν]) Mt 26:52. Abs. λάβετε take (this) Mt 26:26b; Mk 14:22b.— Take hold of (me) GHb 356, 39=ISm 3:2.—ἔλαβέ με ἡ μήτηρ μου τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα ἐν μιᾷ τῶν τριχῶν μου my mother, the Holy Spirit, took me by one of my hairs GHb 20, 63. Ἐλισάβεδ … λαβουμένη (λαβοῦσα codd.) αὐτὸν ἀνέβη ἐν τῇ ὀρεινῇ E. took (John) and went up into the hill-country GJs 22:3. λαβών is somet. used somewhat pleonastically to enliven the narrative, as in Hom. (Od. 24, 398) and dramatists (Soph., Oed. R. 1391 et al.), but also in accord w. Hebr. usage (JViteau, Étude sur le Grec du NT 1893, 191; Dalman, Worte 16ff; Wlh., Einleitung² 1911, 14; B-D-F §419, 1 and 2; s. Rob. 1127; s., e.g., ApcBar 2:1 λαβών με ἤγαγε; Josh 2:4; Horapollo 2, 88 τούτους λαβὼν κατορύττει) Mt 13:31, 33; Mk 9:36; Lk 13:19, 21; J 12:3; Ac 9:25; 16:3; Hs 5, 2, 4. The ptc. can here be rendered by the prep. with (B-D-F §418, 5; Rob. 1127) λαβὼν τὴν σπεῖραν ἔρχεται he came with a detachment J 18:3 (cp. Soph., Trach. 259 στρατὸν λαβὼν ἔρχεται; ApcrEsd 6, 17 p. 31, 24 Tdf. λαβὼν … στρατιὰν ἀγγέλων). λαβὼν τὸ αἷμα … τὸν λαὸν ἐρράντισε with the blood he sprinkled the people Hb 9:19 (cp. ParJer 9:32 λαβόντες τὸν λίθον ἔθηκαν ἐπὶ τὸ μνῆμα αὐτοῦ ‘they crowned his tomb with a stone’; Mel., P. 14, 88 λαβόντες δὲ τὸ … αἶμα). Different is the periphrastic aor. ptc. use of λ. w. ἔχει: Dg 10:6 ἃ παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ λαβὼν ἔχει what the pers. has received fr. God (cp. Eur., Bacchae 302 μεταλαβὼν ἔχει; Goodwin §47; Gildersleeve, Syntax §295; Schwyzer I, 812). Freq. parataxis takes the place of the ptc. constr. (B-D-F §419, 5) ἔλαβε τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἐμαστίγωσεν (instead of λαβὼν τ. Ἰ. ἐ.) he had Jesus scourged J 19:1. λαβεῖν τὸν ἄρτον … καὶ βαλεῖν throw the bread Mt 15:26; Mk 7:27. ἔλαβον τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐποίησαν τέσσερα μέρη they divided his garments into four parts J 19:23.—In transf. sense ἀφορμὴν λ. find opportunity Ro 7:8, 11 (s. ἀφορμή); ὑπόδειγμα λ. take as an example Js 5:10; so also λ. alone, λάβωμεν Ἐνώχ 1 Cl 9:3.—Of the cross as a symbol of the martyr’s death take upon oneself Mt 10:38 (cp. Pind., P. 2, 93 [171] λ. ζυγόν). We may class here ἔλαβεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ he put his clothes on J 13:12 (cp. Hdt. 2, 37; 4, 78; GrBar 9:7 τὸν ὄφιν ἔλαβεν ἔνδυμα). Prob. sim. μορφὴν δούλου λ. put on the form of a slave Phil 2:7.—Of food and drink take (cp. Bel 37 Theod.) Mk 15:23. ὅτε ἔλαβεν τὸ ὄξος J 19:30; λαβὼν τροφὴν ἐνίσχυσεν Ac 9:19; τροφὴν … λα[βεῖν] AcPl Ha 1, 19. (βρέφος) ἔλαβε μασθὸν ἐκ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας (the infant) took the breast of his mother Mary GJs 19:2.—1 Ti 4:4 (s. 10b below) could also belong here.

② to take away, remove (τὴν ψυχήν ApcEsdr 6:16 p. 31, 23 Tdf.) with or without the use of force τὰ ἀργύρια take away the silver coins (fr. the temple) Mt 27:6. τὰς ἀσθενείας diseases 8:17. τὸν στέφανον Rv 3:11. τὴν εἰρήνην ἐκ τῆς γῆς remove peace from the earth 6:4 (λ. τι ἐκ as UPZ 125, 13 ὸ̔ εἴληφεν ἐξ οἴκου; 2 Ch 16:2; TestSol 4:15 D; TestAbr B 7 p. 111, 12 [Stone p. 70]; Mel., P. 55, 403).

③ to take into one’s possession, take, acquire τὶ someth. τὸν χιτῶνα Mt 5:40. οὐδὲ ἕν J 3:27. ἑαυτῷ βασιλείαν obtain kingly power for himself Lk 19:12 (cp. Jos., Ant. 13, 220). λ. γυναῖκα take a wife (Eur., Alc. 324; X., Cyr. 8, 4, 16; Gen 4:19; 6:2; Tob 1:9; TestSol 26:1; TestJob 45:3; ParJer 8:3; Jos., Ant. 1, 253; Just., D. 116, 3; 141, 4) Mk 12:19–21; 22 v.l.; Lk 20:28–31 (s. also the vv.ll. in 14:20 and 1 Cor 7:28). Of his life, that Jesus voluntarily gives up, in order to take possession of it again on his own authority J 10:18a. [ἀπολείπ]ετε τὸ σκότος, λάβεται τὸ φῶς [abandon] the darkness, seize the light AcPl Ha 8, 32. ἑαυτῷ τ. τιμὴν λ. take the honor upon oneself Hb 5:4.—Lay hands on, seize w. acc. of the pers. who is seized by force (Hom. et al.; LXX; mid. w. gen. Just., A II, 2, 10, D. 105, 3) Mt 21:35, 39; Mk 12:3, 8. Of an evil spirit that seizes the sick man Lk 9:39 (cp. PGM 7, 613 εἴλημπται ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος; TestSol 17:2 εἰ λήμψομαί τινα, εὐθέως ἀναιρῶ αὐτὸν τῷ ξίφει; Jos., Ant. 4, 119 ὅταν ἡμᾶς τὸ τοῦ θεοῦ λάβῃ πνεῦμα; Just., A I, 18, 4 ψυχαῖς ἀποθανόντων λαμβανόμενοι).—Esp. of feelings, emotions seize, come upon τινά someone (Hom. et al.; Ex 15:15; Wsd 11:12; Jos., Ant. 2, 139; 14, 57) ἔκστασις ἔλαβεν ἅπαντας amazement seized (them) all Lk 5:26. φόβος 7:16. Sim. πειρασμὸς ὑμᾶς οὐκ εἴληφεν εἰ μὴ ἀνθρώπινος 1 Cor 10:13.—Of hunting and fishing: catch (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 9; Aelian, VH 4, 14) οὐδέν Lk 5:5=J 21:6 v.l. Fig. εἴ τις λαμβάνει (ὑμᾶς) if someone puts something over on you, takes advantage of you 2 Cor 11:20 (the exx. cited in Field, Notes, 184f refer to material plunder, whereas Paul appears to point to efforts of his opposition to control the Corinthians’ thinking for their own political purposes; also s. CLattey, JTS 44, ’43, 148); in related vein δόλῳ τινὰ λ. catch someone by a trick 12:16.

④ to take payment, receive, accept, of taxes, etc. collect the two-drachma tax Mt 17:24; tithes Hb 7:8f; portion of the fruit as rent Mt 21:34. τὶ ἀπό τινος someth. fr. someone (Plut., Mor. 209d, Aem. Paul. 5, 9) 17:25. παρὰ τῶν γεωργῶν λ. ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν collect a share of the fruit fr. the vinedressers Mk 12:2.—τὶ παρά τινος someth. fr. someone (Aristarch. Sam. p. 352, 4; Jos., Ant. 5, 275; Just., D. 22, 11; Tat. 19, 1) οὐ παρὰ ἀνθρώπου τὴν μαρτυρίαν λ. the testimony which I receive is not from a human being or I will not accept mere human testimony (PSI 395, 6 [241 B.C.] σύμβολον λαβὲ παρʼ αὐτῶν=have them give you a receipt) J 5:34; cp. vs. 44; 3:11, 32f.

⑤ to include in an experience, take up, receive τινὰ someone εἰς into (Wsd 8:18) lit. εἰς τὸ πλοῖον take someone (up) into the boat J 6:21. εἰς οἰκίαν receive someone into one’s house 2J 10. εἰς τὰ ἴδια into his own home J 19:27. Receive someone in the sense of recognizing the other’s authority J 1:12; 5:43ab; 13:20abcd.—οἱ ὑπηρέται ῥαπίσμασιν αὐτὸν ἔλαβον Mk 14:65 does not mean ‘the servants took him into custody with blows’ (BWeiss, al.), but is a colloquialism (s. B-D-F §198, 3, w. citation of AcJo 90 [Aa II 196, 1] τί εἰ ῥαπίσμασίν μοι ἔλαβες; ‘what if you had laid blows on me?’) the servants treated him to blows (Moffatt: ‘treated him to cuffs and slaps’), or even ‘got’ him w. blows, ‘worked him over’ (perh. a Latinism; Cicero, Tusc. 2, 14, 34 verberibus accipere. B-D-F §5, 3b; s. Rob. 530f); the v.l. ἔβαλον is the result of failure to recognize this rare usage. καλῶς ἔλαβόν σε; have (the young women) treated you well? Hs 9, 11, 8.

⑥ to make a choice, choose, select πᾶς ἀρχιερεὺς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων λαμβανόμενος who is chosen fr. among human beings Hb 5:1 (cp. Num 8:6; Am 2:11; Just., D. 130, 3). The emphasis is not on gender but the human status of the chief priest in contrast to that of the unique Messiah vs. 5.

⑦ to accept as true, receive τὶ someth. fig. τὰ ῥήματά τινος receive someone’s words (and use them as a guide) J 12:48; 17:8; AcPl Ha 1, 6 (s. καρδία 1bβ). τὸν λόγον receive the teaching Mt 13:20; Mk 4:16 (for μετὰ χαρᾶς λ. cp. PIand 13, 18 ἵνα μετὰ χαρᾶς σε ἀπολάβωμεν).

⑧ to enter into a close relationship, receive, make one’s own, apprehend/comprehend mentally or spiritually (Soph., Pla. et al.) of the mystical apprehension of Christ (opp. κατελήμφθην ὑπὸ Χριστοῦ) ἔλαβον (i.e. Χριστόν) I have made (him) my own Phil 3:12.

⑨ Special uses: the OT is the source of λαμβάνειν πρόσωπον show partiality/favoritism (s. πρόσωπον 1bα end) Lk 20:21; Gal 2:6; B 19:4; D 4:3.—θάρσος λ. take courage s. θάρσος; πεῖράν τινος λ. try someth. (Pla., Prot. 342a; 348a, Gorg. 448a; X., Cyr. 6, 1, 28; Polyb. 1, 75, 7; 2, 32, 5; 5, 100, 10; Aelian, VH 12, 22; Dt 28:56; Jos., Ant. 8, 166; diff. Dio Chrys. 50, 6) Hb 11:29 (this expr. has a different mng. in vs. 36; s. 10b below).—συμβούλιον λαμβάνειν consult (with someone), lit. ‘take counsel’, is a Latinism (consilium capere; s. B-D-F §5, 3b; Rob. 109) Mt 27:7; 28:12; w. ὅπως foll. 22:15; foll. by κατά τινος against someone and ὅπως 12:14; foll. by κατά τινος and ὥστε 27:1. οὐ λήψῃ βουλὴν πονηρὰν κατὰ τοῦ πλησίον σου D 2:6.

⑩ to be a receiver, receive, get, obtain

ⓐ abs. λαβών (of a hungry hog) when it has received someth. B 10:3. (Opp. αἰτεῖν, as Appian, Fgm. [I p. 532–36 Viereck-R.] 23 αἰτεῖτε καὶ λαμβάνετε; PGM 4, 2172) Mt 7:8; Lk 11:10; J 16:24. (Opp. διδόναι as Thu. 2, 97, 4 λαμβάνειν μᾶλλον ἢ διδόναι; Ael. Aristid. 34 p. 645 D.; Herm. Wr. 5, 10b; Philo, Deus Imm. 57; SibOr 3, 511) Mt 10:8; Ac 20:35; B 14:1; but in D 1:5 λ. rather has the ‘active’ sense accept a donation (as ἵνα λάβῃ ἐξουσίαν TestJob 8:2).

ⓑ w. acc. of thing τὶ someth. (Da 2:6; OdeSol 11:4 σύνεσιν; TestJob 24:9 τρεῖς ἄρτους al.; ApcEsdr 5:13 p. 30, 11 Tdf. τὴν ψυχήν) τὸ ψωμίον receive the piece of bread J 13:30. ὕδωρ ζωῆς δωρεάν water of life without cost Rv 22:17. μισθόν (q.v. 1 and 2a) Mt 10:41ab; J 4:36; 1 Cor 3:8, 14; AcPlCor 2:36 (TestSol 1:2, 10). Money: ἀργύρια Mt 28:15; ἀνὰ δηνάριον a denarius each Mt 20:9f. ἐλεημοσύνην Ac 3:3. βραχύ τι a little or a bite J 6:7; eternal life Mk 10:30 (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 218 βίον ἀμείνω λαβεῖν); the Spirit (schol. on Plato 856e ἄνωθεν λαμβάνειν τὸ πνεῦμα) J 7:39; Ac 2:38; cp. Gal 3:14; 1 Cor 2:12; 2 Cor 11:4; forgiveness of sin Ac 10:43 (Just., D. 54, 1); grace Ro 1:5; cp. 5:17; the victor’s prize 1 Cor 9:24f; the crown of life Js 1:12 (cp. Wsd 5:16 λ. τὸ διάδημα). συμφύγιον/σύμφυτον καὶ ὅπλον εὐδοκίας λάβωμεν Ἰησοῦν χριστόν the sense of this clause, restored from AcPl Ha 8, 23–24 and AcPl Ox 1602, 33–35 (=BMM recto 29–31) emerges as follows: and let us take Jesus Christ as our refuge/ally and shield, the assurance of God’s goodwill toward us. The early and late rain Js 5:7. ἔλεος receive mercy Hb 4:16 (Just., D. 133, 1). λ. τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ υἱοῦ (θεοῦ) receive the name of the Son of God (in baptism) Hs 9, 12, 4. διάδοχον receive a successor Ac 24:27 (cp. Pliny the Younger, Ep. 9, 13 successorem accipio). τὴν ἐπισκοπὴν αὐτοῦ λαβέτω ἕτερος let another man receive his position 1:20 (Ps 108:8). τόπον ἀπολογίας λ. (τόπος 4) 25:16. λ. τι μετὰ εὐχαριστίας receive someth. w. thankfulness 1 Ti 4:4 (but s. 1 above, end.—On the construction with μετά cp. Libanius, Or. 63 p. 392, 3 F. μετὰ ψόγου λ.). τί ἔχεις ὅ οὐκ ἔλαβες; what have you that you did not receive? 1 Cor 4:7 (Alciphron 2, 6, 1 τί οὐ τῶν ἐμῶν λαβοῦσα ἔχεις;). Of punishments (cp. δίκην λ. Hdt. 1, 115; Eur., Bacch. 1312. ποινάς Eur., Tro. 360. πληγάς Philyllius Com. [V B.C.] 11 K.; GrBar 4:15 καταδίκην; Jos., Ant. 14, 336 τιμωρίαν) λ. περισσότερον κρίμα receive a punishment that is just so much more severe Mt 23:13 [14] v.l. (cp. κρίμα 4b); Mk 12:40; Lk 20:47; cp. Js 3:1. οἱ ἀνθεστηκότες ἑαυτοῖς κρίμα λήμψονται those who oppose will bring punishment upon themselves Ro 13:2. πεῖράν τινος λ. become acquainted with, experience, suffer someth. (X., An. 5, 8, 15; Polyb. 6, 3, 1; 28, 9, 7; 29, 3, 10; Diod S 12, 24, 4 τὴν θυγατέρα ἀπέκτεινεν, ἵνα μὴ τῆς ὕβρεως λάβῃ πεῖραν; 15, 88, 4; Jos., Ant. 2, 60; Preisigke, Griech. Urkunden des ägypt. Museums zu Kairo [1911] 2, 11; 3, 11 πεῖραν λ. δαίμονος) μαστίγων πεῖραν λ. Hb 11:36 (the phrase in a diff. mng. vs. 29; s. 9b above).

ⓒ Also used as a periphrasis for the passive: οἰκοδομὴν λ. be edified 1 Cor 14:5. περιτομήν be circumcised J 7:23 (Just., D. 23, 5 al.). τὸ χάραγμα receive a mark = be marked Rv 14:9, 11; 19:20; 20:4. καταλλαγήν be reconciled Ro 5:11. ὑπόμνησίν τινος be reminded of = remember someth. 2 Ti 1:5 (Just., D 19, 6 μνήμην λαμβάνητε); λήθην τινὸς λ. forget someth. (Timocles Com. [IV B.C.], Fgm. 6, 5 K.; Aelian, VH 3, 18 end, HA 4, 35; Jos., Ant. 2, 163; 202; 4, 304; Just., D. 46, 5 ἵνα μὴ λήθη ὑμᾶς λαμβάνῃ τοῦ θεοῦ) 2 Pt 1:9; χαρὰν λ. experience joy, rejoice Hv 3, 13, 2 ; GJs 12:2; ἀρχὴν λ. be begun, have its beginning (Pla et al.; Polyb. 1, 12, 9; Sext. Emp., Phys. 1, 366; Aelian, VH 2, 28; 12, 53; Dio Chrys. 40, 7; Philo, Mos. 1, 81 τρίτον [σημεῖον] … τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ γίνεσθαι λαβὸν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ; Just., D. 46, 4 τὴν ἀρχὴν λαβούσης ἀπὸ Ἀβραὰμ τῆς περιτομῆς; Ath. 19, 2 ἑτέραν ἀρχὴν τοῦ κόσμου λαβόντος) Hb 2:3; ApcPt Rainer ln. 19.—λ. τι ἀπό τινος receive someth. from someone (Epict. 4, 11, 3 λ. τι ἀπὸ τῶν θεῶν; Herm. Wr. 1, 30; ApcMos 19 ὅτε δὲ ἔλαβεν ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ τὸν ὄρκον; Just., D. 78, 10 τῶν λαβόντων χάριν ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ) 1J 2:27; 3:22. Also τὶ παρά τινος (Pisander Epicus [VI B.C.] Fgm. 5 [in Athen. 11, 469d]; Diod S 5, 3, 4 λαβεῖν τι παρὰ τῶν θεῶν; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 8 [Stone p. 12] λαβὼν τὴν εὐχὴν παρʼ αὐτῶν; Just., A I, 60, 3 ἐνέργειαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ λεγομένην λαβεῖν τὸν Μωυσέα.—παρά A3aβ) J 10:18b; Ac 2:33; 3:5; 20:24; Js 1:7; 2J 4; Rv 2:28. λ. τὸ ἱκανὸν παρὰ τοῦ Ἰάσονος receive bail from Jason Ac 17:9 (s. ἱκανός 1). λ. τι ὑπό τινος be given someth. by someone 2 Cor 11:24. κλῆρον καὶ μερισμὸν λαμβάνοντες AcPl Ha 8, 18/Ox 1602, 22f [λαβόντες]=BMM recto 23f (s. κλῆρος 2). λ. τι ἔκ τινος receive someth. fr. a quantity of someth.: ἐκ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ ἐλάβομεν χάριν from his fullness we have received favor J 1:16. ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος αὐτοῦ ἐλάβετε Hs 9, 24, 4.—λ. ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν (s. ἀνάστασις 2a) Hb 11:35. On ἐν γαστρὶ εἴληφα (LXX) GJs 4:2 and 4 s. γαστήρ 2 and συλλαμβάνω 3.—B. 743. Schmidt, Syn. III 203–33. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: name of a hero, the founder of Thebes (Od.)

Other forms: \/ Κασσμος (vase Rhegium).

Derivatives: Καδμεῖος, Καδμήιος (Hes.) adj.; Καδμεία `the hill of Thebes' (X.); Καδμειῶνες `the inhabitants of Thebes' (Il.); καδμεία (γῆ) `cadmia, calamine' (Dsc.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The connection with κέκασμαι is certainly wrong. The name is found for a river in Thesprotia and for a mountain and a river in Caria So the word is without a doubt a Pre-Greek word, of unknown meaning (Beekes, Mnemosyne 42 (2004)465ff. and Kadmos, 43(2005)172f. This is confirmed by the name Καδμἶλος which has a suffix - ιλ- which is well known in Anatolia. The structure of the name agrees with that of Πάτμος, Λάτμος, Λάκμος. The gloss κάδμος δόρυ, λόφος, ἀσπίς H. finds no support. Cf. on Καδμῖλος.

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Κρόν-ιος, α, ον, ([etym.] Κρόνος)

A of Cronos or Saturn,

ὦ Κρόνιε παῖ A.Pr. 577

, Pi.O.2.12; K. ἅλς the Adriatic, A.R.4.327, 509; but K. πόντος the North Sea, Orph.A. 1081.

b Astrol., Κρόνιον ὄμμα εἰς τὸν οἶκον ἐνέσκηψε, i.e. disaster, Hld.2.24.

2 Κρόνια (sc. ἱερά), τά, festival of Cronos at Athens on the twelfth of Hecatombaeon (hence called μὴν Κρόνιος, Plu.Thes.12);

ὄντων Κρονίων D.24.26

; K.

ἐνστάντων Alciphr.3.57

; later, = Lat. Saturnalia, D.H.4.14, Plu.2.272e, etc.

3 Κρόνιον (sc. ὄρος), τό, the hill of Cronos, near Olympia, Pi.O.1.111; = Lat. templum Saturm, D.C. 45.17.

4 Κρόνιον, τό, = δελφίνιον, Ps.-Dsc.3.73.

II = Κρονικός 11, Κρονίων ὄζειν to smell of the dark ages, Ar.Nu. 398, cf. Sch.ad loc.

ἀπο-λήγω,

A leave off, desist from, c. gen.,

ἀλλ' οὐδ' ὣς ἀπέληγε μάχης 11.7.263

; οὐκ ἀπολήγει ἀλκῆς ib.21.577; νέον δ' ἀπέληγεν ἐδωδῆς ib.24.475;

ἀ. ἔρωτος Pl.R. 490b

.

2 c. part., leave off doing, 11.17.565, Od.19.166; [

γενεὴ] ἡ μὲν φύει, ἡ δ' ἀπολήγει 11.6.149

: abs., cease, desist, ib.13.230, 20.99;

κλέος.. οὐδ' ἀπολήξει Xenoph.6.3

; opp. γίνεται, Emp.17.30; of the wind, fall, Theoc.22.19.

3 ἀ. εἰς ἕν end in.., Arist.Mu. 399a13, cf. Str.13.4.1, Plu.2.496a, Luc.Im.6; ἐς ὀξύ taper to a point, Arr.Tact.16.7: Rhet., of the close of a sentence,

ἀ. εἰς συνδέσμους Demetr.Eloc. 257

.

b τὸ ἀπολῆγον [τοῦ βουνοῦ] the extremity of the hill, Inscr.Prien.37.168 (ii B. C.): so Medic., τὰ ἀ. μέρη the extremities, Ruf. ap. Orib.49.33.11, al.

II trans., = ἀποπαύω, A.R.4.767. [

ἀπολλ. 11.15.31

, Od.13.151, 19.166, Theoc. l.c., al.]

Ἄρειος πάγος [πᾰ], ὁ,

A the hill of Ares, at Athens,

Ἀρήϊος π. Hdt.8.52

, cf. A.Eu. 685, 690, etc.;

ἡ βουλὴ ἡ ἐξ Ἀρείου πάγου IG1.38a

(prob.), 2.476.59, al., D.18.133, cf. Lys.26.12, Arist.Ath.4.4;

ἡ ἐν Ἀ. πάγῳ βουλή D.20.157

, Aeschin.1.81, Arist.Pol. 1273b39;

βουλή Ἀρεία IG3.824

; εἰς τὸν Ἄ. πάγον ἀναβῆναι become a member of the court, Isoc. 7.37, 12.154;

ἐν Ἀ. πάγῳ δοῦναι δίκην Arist.Rh. 1398b26

;

ψευδομαρτύρια τὰ ἐξ Ἀ. πάγου Id.Ath.59.6

.—The compd. [full] Ἀρειόπᾰγος only in a late [dialect] Att. Inscr., IG3.1005; but we find the noun [full] Ἀρεοπᾰγίτης ( [full] Ἀρευ- ib.2.839.7) [ῑ], ου, ὁ, Areopagite, Aeschin.1.81, IG3.746, cf. 635, Arist.Ath.3.6, etc.: prov., Ἀρεοπαγίτου σιωπηλότερος 'as silent as the grave', Them.Or.21.263a;

στεγανώτερος Alciphr.1.13

:—Adj. [full] Ἀρεοπᾰγῖτις,

βουλή Arist.Ath.41.2

, Alciphr.2.3; [full] Ἀρεοπᾰγῑτικός, ή, όν, Isoc.7 tit., Str.6.1.8.

ἐλαιών, ῶνος, ὁ a site consisting primarily of olive trees, olive grove, olive orchard (oft. in pap since III B.C. [Dssm., NB 36ff=BS 208ff; BOlsson, Aegyptus 13, ’33, 327ff]; Strabo 16, 4, 14; LXX; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 105). This word, which has become a proper name, is surely to be read Ac 1:12 ἀπὸ ὄρους τ. καλουμένου Ἐλαιῶνος from the hill called or known as ‘The Olive Grove’ = the Mount of Olives, s. ἐλαία 1 (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 202 διὰ τοῦ Ἐλαιῶνος ὄρους; PLond II, 214, 9f p. 161 [III A.D.] εἰς ἀμπελικὸν χωρίον καλούμενον, Ἐλαιῶνα; TestNapht 5:1; ἐν τῷ ὄρει τοῦ Ἐλαιῶνος; Just., D. 99, 2 τὸ ὄρος τὸ λεγόμενον Ἐλαιών). Therefore it is also prob. to be so understood Lk 19:29; 21:37, where the accentuation ἐλαιῶν cannot be ruled out absolutely (B-D-F §143; W-S. §10, 4; Mlt. 49; 235; Rob. 154 n. 2; 267). The name Olivet is fr. Lat. olivetum = olive grove.—GDalman, Jerusalem 1930, 21–55: Orte³ 277–85 [Eng. tr 261–68]: WSchmauch, Der Oelberg: TLZ 77, ’52, 391–96; BCurtis, HUCA 28, ’57, 137–80; BHHW II 1139–40; s. also entry ἐλαία.—DELG. EDNT. M-M.

δειράς (Cret. [full] δηράς GDI5024.19), άδος, ἡ,

A ridge of a chain of hills, h.Ap.281, S.Aj. 697 (lyr.), Limen.22; of the isthmus of Corinth, Pi. O.8.52, I.1.10; of Trachis, S.Ph. 491: in pl., E.Ph. 206 (lyr.): metaph., τέγγει δ' ὑπ' ὀφρύσι δειράδας, of the petrified form of Niobe on Mt. Sipylus, which poured tears under the brow of the hill over its ridges, S.Ant. 832 (lyr.). (δερς-, cf. Skt. drsad- 'rock'.)